Technologies & Startegies

• Business-as-usual will miss emission target by big margin; end up with nearly 35 GtCO2/y by 2050

• To meet Net-Zero, three broad strategies are used

  1. Avoiding Emissions

  2. Reducing Emissions

  3. Removing Emissions.

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• The first two strategies; avoiding & reducing will decarbonize most industries except difficult ones (cement or steel). They will require removing emissions by nature based solutions and technology based solution (DAC & CCS)

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• Avoiding & Reducing strategies are short to medium-term strategies, that need to be pursued aggressively to remove most of emission

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• Removing emission is a longer-term strategy; requires technology regulations and incentives

 

1. Avoidance Strategies

•  Use of renewables, like wind (offshore/onshore), solar for energy

•  Avoiding methane from waste & landfills

• Mergers & Acquisition is tool used for renewable energy diversification by companies 

 

2. Reduction Strategies

• Decarbonization of  oil & gas 

  • Eliminate Flaring

  • Shut-off CO2 vents

  • Monitor & avoid methane (CH4) leakages

  • Zero Emission Electricity (ZEE) for for production

  • Use of Green Hydrogen

  • Use of Blue Hydrogen

• Delinking Oil & gas

• Coal-to-Gas shift 

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3-Removal Strategies

• Nature base solution (Afforestation, Reforestation)

• Technology based solutions 

  • Carbon Capture Utilization & Storage 

  • Direct Air Capture​