Do you find regulatory and permitting issues for CCUS confusing??

 

Don't worry, we can help you with Policy & Regulation as you start your CCS project in USA. We can guide you early on how it can impact your permitting process and profitability profile by answering questions like:

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1. What are the Federal 45Q credits? How they impact CO2-EOR & Aquifer storage projects?

2. What are Cap & Trade Credits? How does it improve value of my project?

3. What are Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS)? How do they make my project profitable?

4. How do I qualify to get California LCFS credits for my CCS project?

5. What are EPA Subpart RR or UU of GHG Reporting Program

6. What is Underground Injection Control ("UIC") Program & permit requirement

7. What are Class-II & Class-VI injection wells? What are the permitting requirement?

8. Does Class-VI well permit automatically qualifies my project for LCFS credits (No)??

9. What are the differences between EPA CCS requirements & GHG Protocol requirement?

10. And many other questions that help you start the project quickly.

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Following observations are relevant in operational or under construction CCS projects

• Historically, US  CCS projects are dominated by CO2-EOR due to; either low cost of CO2 capture from Natural Gas Processing plants or CO2 from underground reservoirs.

• The CO2-EOR (utilization) projects are Class-II injection Well with fewer EPA regulations

• The dedicated CO2 projects (Storage) in saline aquifer or depleted fields require Class-VI injection wells with stringent regulations for permitting and post site-closure site care.

• The revenue from enhanced CO2-EOR recovery (utilization), eliminates the need of grants.

• The storage projects in saline aquifer with no revenue models require grants/incentives

• In 2018 Federal 45Q credit ($50 for CO2-storage; $35 for CO2-EOR) were approved.

• Cap & Trade credits and Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) are administered by states (example California), they provide additional revenue.

• Carbon tax is not a popular way of carbon pricing